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Human milk is characterised by its complex composition, consisting of nutrient and bioactive components that play a crucial role in infant health. Although the infant oral cavity is directly exposed to these components during breastfeeding, their effects on the developing oral microbiome remains underexplored.
Post-acute sequelae of COVID-19 (PASC), or long COVID, are a public health concern. While most recover from SARS-CoV-2 infections within weeks, some experience persistent symptoms. Here, we quantified the association between repeated SARS-CoV-2 infections and the risk of hospital-diagnosed PASC.
Dissociative disorders in children and young adolescents are under-recognised and under-treated. Current diagnostic criteria rely on downward extensions of adult models and do not adequately consider developmental differences in younger populations. This reliance risks overlooking symptom patterns that may be unique in childhood, thereby perpetuating diagnostic gaps and delayed treatment.
Climate change is both an environmental crisis and a growing source of psychological distress for young people, calling for responses that nurture emotional resilience and collective engagement. The emerging response to climate distress has mainly focused on formal psychological and individual-level interventions.
Bacteriophages (phages) are viruses that selectively kill bacteria and offer a promising option to address the growing global pandemic of antimicrobial-resistant infections. However, phage therapy does not easily align with traditional regulatory pathways designed for fixed-composition chemical drugs or biologics with fixed non-evolving compositions.
Siblings of individuals with neurodevelopmental conditions have unique experiences and sometimes additional challenges, especially in rural areas where there may be limited access to sibling-specific support services.
This convergent parallel mixed methods study examined the role of protective factors (resilience, family functioning, and social support) in explaining sibling well-being, alongside this population's support preferences and experiences.
Automated insulin delivery (AID) improves glycemia in people with type 1 diabetes (T1D). However, concern remains about early worsening of diabetic retinopathy (EWDR) following rapid and large glycemic improvements. This study evaluated diabetic retinopathy (DR) outcomes in adolescents and young adults with T1D (aged 10-30 years) following AID initiation.
Ewing Sarcoma of the pelvis has poorer outcomes than other anatomical sites, with complex anatomy often precluding resection with wide margins. The role of postoperative radiotherapy (RT) in improving outcomes remains undefined. A systematic review using Medline, Embase and Cochrane databases (1972-April 2024) evaluated postoperative RT's impact on local recurrence, event-free survival and overall survival. Twenty-nine retrospective studies (21 to 296 patients) met inclusion criteria, with 28 rated good quality.
The long-term consequences of early adverse exposures are well known but is becoming clear that early means not just in pregnancy but also in at least the two preceding generations. Furthermore, there are new existential threats to long term respiratory health, some of which have been presented at the INSPiRED meeting in Bologna and are reviewed in this manuscript.