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Long term lung health in children: new emerging threats and preventive strategies

The long-term consequences of early adverse exposures are well known but is becoming clear that early means not just in pregnancy but also in at least the two preceding generations. Furthermore, there are new existential threats to long term respiratory health, some of which have been presented at the INSPiRED meeting in Bologna and are reviewed in this manuscript.

Citation:
Baraldi E, Bonadies L, Grutta SL, Le Souëf P, Noah TL, et al. Long term lung health in children: new emerging threats and preventive strategies. Paediatr Respir Rev. 2026.

Keywords:
Climate change; Nicotine; Pollution; Prematurity; Refugee; Respiratory syncytial virus; Vaping

Abstract:
The long-term consequences of early adverse exposures are well known but is becoming clear that early means not just in pregnancy but also in at least the two preceding generations. Furthermore, there are new existential threats to long term respiratory health, some of which have been presented at the INSPiRED meeting in Bologna and are reviewed in this manuscript.